Resilience, robustness, and marine ecosystembased management. Resiliencebased natural resource management in a changing world edited by f. Resiliencebased ecosystem stewardship emphasizes resilience as a basic feature of the changing world as well as ecosystems that provide a suite of ecosystem services rather than a single resource, and stewardship that recognizes resource managers as an integral part of the systems they manage. A resilience thinking perspective on the ecosystem approach iucn. Ecosystembased management for the oceans island press. Thus, although stability is often beneficial for the reliable provision of ecosystem functioning and services, which contribute to some aspects of resilience that benefit society e. With risk management and resilience based stewardship, two contrasting approaches have been proposed to address this issue. Resilience based stewardship is advocated to address these changes in ecosystem management, but its operational implementation has remained challenging. We argue that progression from steadystate management to ecosystem management has served the rangeland profession well, but that further development toward resilience based management is required to ensure that ecosystem services are sustained in an era of rapid change. Biodiversity is often thought to be a key feature underpinning the resilience of ecosystems 47.
The role of ecosystem management in climate change. Pdf regime shifts, resilience, and biodiversity in. Environmental protection agency, cincinnati, oh 45268, usa. Ecological resilience is developing into a credible paradigm for policy development and environmental management for preserving natural capital in a rapidly changing world. Ecosystem services and urban resilience case of stockholm. The future of resiliencebased management in coral reef. Grand challenges for resiliencebased management of rangelands. Barriers to managing systems based on ecosystem stewardship principles are pervasive, including. Recommendations for development of resiliencebased stateand. The politics of ecosystem management is the first book to focus entirely on the political challenges facing ecosystem management as it moves from theory to practice. Generalizable principles for ecosystem stewardshipbased. Resilience based stewardship is based on a model or models of change that recognize the key drivers and balancing feedbacks that operate in a system and estimate how close a system is to its limits.
A resiliencebased framework for evaluating adaptive co. There is no separate definition of sustainable ecosystem management, but the concept of sustainability is. Methods a resiliencebased framework for evaluating adaptive co management. Pdf legitimacy, adaptation, and resilience in ecosystem. Ecosystem based management for the oceans presents the latest science of resilience, while it provides tools for the design and implementation of responsive ebm solutions. The objective of this paper is to recommend conceptual modifications for incorporation in stateandtransition models stms to link this framework explicitly to the concept of ecological resilience. Mar 30, 2009 principles of ecosystem stewardship book. Major arguments towards integrating political ecology into resiliencebased natural resource management. Addresses current and future stresses influencing ecosystem function to prioritize, implement, and adapt management actions that sustain ecosystems and human wellbeing mcleod et al. The ecosystem resilience plays a key role in maintaining a steady flow of ecosystem services and enables quick and flexible responses to climate changes, and maintaining or restoring the ecosystem resilience of forests is a necessary societal adaptation to climate change.
It is a multifaceted and holistic approach which requires a significant change. Chapter 2 introduced the concept of ecosystem services and outlined an ecosystem services approach to damage assessment for events such as the deepwater horizon dwh oil spill. Abstract ecologists have made great strides in developing criteria for describing the resilience of an ecological system. Recommendations for development of resiliencebased state. Spatially explicit assessment of ecosystem resilience. Principles of ecosystem stewardship resiliencebased natural. Pdf the goal of ecosystem management is to provide a sustainable flow of multiple ecosystem services to society today and in the future. Linking ecology, economics and society in a complex world ryan plummera.
Forum recommendations for development of resilience based stateandtransition models d. Resilience thinking before diving into the three insights of this paper, it is important to understand the major concepts embraced by resilience thinking. A resiliencebased approach john haller and charles m. Managers all over the world are integrating resilience based management rbm concepts into their work and planning for the future using information from resilience assessments and managing integrated socialecological systems. Perspectives for ecosystem management based on ecosystem. Wle supports an approach to sustainable intensification in which healthy functioning ecosystems are seen as a prerequisite to agricultural development, food security and human wellbeing. However, resilience emerges from complex interactions, limiting the translation of theory into practice. The first interagency attempt to apply ecosystem management to federal lands was issued in draft form in 1990 greater yellowstone coordinating committee 1990 only to become the. In the ball and cup diagrams, the balls represent the ecosystem and the cups represent stability domains. Ecosystem services and resilience esr is a crosscutting core theme within wle that focuses on the role of ecosystem service based. The big challenge is to identify and evaluate specific tools and strategies for the ecosystem management. Jul 01, 2008 resilience based ecosystem management provides greater opportunities to incorporate adaptive management than does threshold based management because thresholds emphasize limits of state resilience, rather than conditions that determine the probability that these limits will be surpassed. Resilience based management must be seen as an essential complement to global efforts to mitigate climate change. Managing ecosystems to conserve and improve their health is crucial for sustaining the various.
Operationalising resilience for ecosystem management by assessing ecosystems adaptive capacity. Resilience in the studies of biodiversityecosystem. Chapter 3 towards resiliencebased ecosystem management. Principles of ecosystem stewardship resiliencebased. We first present the critical features to our resilience based governance framework by summarizing resilience and panarchy, adaptive management. Geog 430530 syllabus resiliencebased natural resource.
The first excerpt is a short summary of the principles of resiliencebased organising. This chapter addresses resilience and its relationship to ecosystem services. Addressing future uncertainty and risk has therefore become a central problem of ecosystem management. Operationalising resilience for ecosystem management. Resiliencebased natural resource management in a changing world edited by chapinf. Ecosystem can maintain their original state against multiple and stochastic disturbances through resilience based management indicated by the two headed arrow a widening the cup width. Despite the vital importance of es the methodology for planning of es has not been developed chan et al. The key challenges are to refine ebm further, and to develop a set of principles to guide management. Ecological resiliencein theory and application lance h. Ecosystem management is a process that aims to conserve major ecological services and restore natural resources while meeting the socioeconomic, political, and cultural needs of current and future generations.
These principles can be related to application of resilience thinking to ecosystem management. In contrast to steadystate or ecosystem management approaches, resiliencebased management embraces the inevita bility of social and environmental change. Confirmed trips this year include sunbow farm in corvallis on thursday, february 11. Five categories of challenges confronting the adoption of resilience based management, based upon the insights of 55 of rangeland researchers that have contributed to this special issue, were identified as. Managing connections across temporal and spatial scales 11. Holling introduced the word resilience into the ecolog. The key challenges are to refine ebm further, and to develop a set of principles to guide management and policy. Several biological diversity elements appear to confer ecosystem resilience, such as functional redundancy, response diversity, a dominant species, a foundation species, or a keystone species. Resiliencebased natural resource management in a changing world. Gunderson, 2009, engineering infrastructure tierney and.
In addition, expansion of that effort to socialecological systems has begun the process of identifying changes to the social system necessary to foster resilience in an ecological system such as the use of adaptive management and integrated ecosystem management. Resilience based natural resource management in a changing world. Regime shifts, resilience, and biodiversity in ecosystem management. What is resilience based management rbm resilience based management is defined as using knowledge of current and future drivers influencing ecosystem function e. Stow2, carmen rojo3, miguel alvarezcobelas4 and heriberto cabezas1,5 1national risk management research laboratory, u. Moreover, context specificity is paramount to determine which set of risk management options are required in any given context. Review quotes this excellent book demystifies the idea of ecosystem based management and explains the many ways in which the ideas can be applied in the real world. Resilience based management is being adopted in major reef regions around the world as an approach for helping to secure the foundations for sustainable development, and. Resiliencebased managementmanagement strategies that support human well being via adaptation and transformation of socialecological systems to sustain the supply of ecosystem.
Resiliencebased application of stateandtransition models. Wles esr framework for how the management of ecosystem service flows through an agricultural landscape can improve the health, security and economic benefits to people. Legitimacy, adaptation, and resilience in ecosystem management. Aug 27, 2015 changing disturbance regimes are of particular concern in this context due to their high potential impact on ecosystem structure, function and composition.
Resiliencebased management rbm supports processes that contribute to stress tolerance, promote recovery and facilitate adaptation within all aspects of the coupled socialecological system. Resilience based management embraces the inevitability of. In contrast to steadystate or ecosystem management approaches, resilience based management embraces the inevita bility of social and environmental change. A framework for resiliencebased governance of social. The 5th international tropical marine ecosystem management. Resilience is a measure of the amount of perturbation a socialecological system can withstand and still maintain the same structure and functions. Threshold defines the limits of resilience for an ecosystem. Keiter 1989 focused on important legal aspects of ecosystem management in a lengthy monograph.
Such services include the provision of food, fuel, and natural products e. The maldives has much to gain from a resilience based approach to management of its marine ecosystem, and much to lose if the global. Pdf principles of ecosystem stewardship download full pdf. To improve our understanding of resiliencebased natural resource management, we will do two and possibly three field trips. Biodiversity and resilience of ecosystem functions. The principal objective of ecosystem management is the efficient maintenance and ethical use of natural resources. Synthesizing a vast amount of current knowledge, ecosystem based management for the oceans is a comprehensive guide to utilizing this promising new approach. Global change is increasingly challenging the sustainable provisioning of ecosystem services to society. Forum recommendations for development of resiliencebased. Dec 01, 2014 global change is increasingly challenging the sustainable provisioning of ecosystem services to society.
Ecological resilience describes the amount of change or disruption that is required to transform a system from being maintained by one set of mutually reinforcing processes and structures to a. Ecosystem functioning and resilience depends on a dynamic relationship within species, among species and between species and their abiotic environment, as well as the physical and chemical interactions within the. You can access the full pdf of the curriculum tools here. Resilience based management is being adopted in major reef regions around the world as an approach for helping to secure the foundations for sustainable development, and adapting to climate change. While ecosystem services are part of the solution to climate change, they are also affected by changing climatic conditions. Translating resiliencebased management theory to practice for coral bleaching recovery in hawaii 8 abstract 8 introduction 9 challenges and gaps in implementing resiliencebased management 9 hawaii as a case study for the application of resiliencebased management 10 methods 11. To improve our understanding of resilience based natural resource management, we will do two and possibly three field trips. Resiliencebased ecosystem management provides greater opportunities to incorporate adaptive management than does thresholdbased management because thresholds emphasize limits of state resilience, rather than conditions that determine the probability that these limits will be surpassed. Political considerations are an essential component of ecosystem management, yet its sociopolitical context has been largely ignored by those studying and writing on the subject. Towards integrating political ecology into resilience. Ecological resilience or robustness has also become central to conservation practices and ecosystem management, particularly as the latter has shifted its attention to the importance of ecosystem services. Resilience thinking considers those properties of human and natural systems. Resilience based natural resource management in a changing world particularly suitable for use in all courses of resource management, resource ecology, sustainability science, and the human dimensions of global change.
Grand challenges for resiliencebased management of. The following longer article the work of love and the love of work expands on these concepts and provides examples. The first is management of predictable anthropogenic disturbances to maintain a sufficient level of biodiversity for ensuring ecosystem resilience i. Consequently, national and international bodies have called for a shift toward more comprehensive ecosystem based marine management. Geo 430530 syllabus resiliencebased natural resource.
Grads will read approximately one additional article each week, which will be determined in consultation with the instructor all lecture powerpoints, supplemental readings, and guidelines for assignments will be. Resilience and ecosystem services an ecosystem services. Monitoring and adaptive management are used to determine the outcomes both intended and unintended of ecosystem management interventions. Healthy ecosystems play an important role in delivering services that help people adapt to climate change. With risk management and resiliencebased stewardship, two contrasting approaches have been proposed to address this issue. Resiliencebased natural resource management in a changing. Resiliencebased management state i state ii feedback switch threshold trigger ecological resilience ecological resilience community phase community phase atrisk community restoration pathway. The resilience of coral reefs their ability to bounce back is effective management in the face of climate change. Resiliencebased natural resource management in a changing world natural resource management is.
A central recommendation of both commissions is to adopt ecosystem based management ebm, reinforcing earlier recommendations of the national research council 1999. Implementation handbook i ocebm handbook executive summary the environmental law institute eli produced this handbook to identify successful approaches to implementing marine ecosystem based management ebm, describe their limitations, and highlight opportunities to apply them in the future. Ecological resilience is the ability of an ecosystem to retain its overall character. Operationalizing ecological robustness and resilience for. Resiliencebased managementmanagement strategies that support human well being via adaptation and transformation of socialecological systems to sustain the supply of ecosystem services in changing environments. The examples provided of options in different areas of the risk management continuum are illustrative rather than exhaustive. The concept of resilience, which helps describe system responses to change, is increasingly attracting attention. Introduction outsourcing to third parties and the resulting dependency risks have become a leading consideration for financial services firms, drawing extensive management attention and regulatory scrutiny. Ecosystem management is the application of ecological science to resource management to promote longterm sustainability of ecosystems and the delivery of essential ecosystem goods and services to society chapin et al 2002. This calendar showcases examples of ecosystem based adaptation, which take a range of approaches for the sustainable management, conservation, and restoration of ecosystems to provide services that enable.
We hope that a focus on resilience rather than shortterm delivery of ecosystem functions and services, and the consideration of specific underpinning mechanisms, will help to join the research areas of biodiversityecosystem function and ecological resilience and ultimately aid the development of evidencebased yet flexible ecosystem management. We suggest a framework of resiliencebased governance of socialecological systems, which focuses upon the integration of resilience science, i. Resiliencebased natural resource management in a changing world particularly suitable for use in all courses of resource management, resource ecology, sustainability science, and the human dimensions of global change. Below are few examples of holistic rbm planning and practice.
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